Washing Methods in Chemistry: Sodium Bicarbonate and Sodium Bisulfite
1. What purpose is served by washing the ethyl ether extract containing the product with saturated sodium bicarbonate?
a. Remove impurities from the target compound
b. Increase solubility of organic compound in water
c. Remove acidic impurities
d. All of the above
2. What purpose is served by washing the ethyl ether extract containing the product with saturated sodium bisulfite?
a. Remove impurities from the target compound
b. React with dissolved oxygen
c. Improve purity of organic compound
d. None of the above
3. Define "% transmittance".
a. Intensity of incident light
b. Ratio of transmitted light to incident light
c. Purity of a compound
d. None of the above
1. Answer:
The purpose of washing with saturated sodium bicarbonate is to remove acidic impurities from the target compound. By using a 6% saturated NaHCO3 solution, the organic compound becomes more water soluble, making it easier to remove from the organic layer. This method helps in improving the purity of the final product by eliminating unwanted impurities.
2. Answer:
Sodium bisulfite is used to react readily with dissolved oxygen to remove it from the ethyl ether extract containing the product. This reaction helps in preventing oxidation processes and preserving the purity of the organic compound. This washing method is essential for maintaining the quality of the final product.
3. Answer:
The "% transmittance" is defined as the ratio of the intensity of transmitted light (P) to the intensity of incident light (P0) multiplied by 100. It provides information about how much light passes through a substance without being absorbed. This measurement is important in various fields like chemistry, physics, and environmental science to analyze the transparency and quality of materials.
In chemistry, washing methods using saturated sodium bicarbonate and sodium bisulfite play a crucial role in purifying organic compounds. The use of sodium bicarbonate helps in removing acidic impurities, while sodium bisulfite reacts with dissolved oxygen to prevent oxidation and maintain purity.
The process of washing with sodium bicarbonate involves making the organic compound more water soluble, which aids in separating it from the organic layer. This step is essential for eliminating impurities that can affect the quality of the final product. On the other hand, washing with sodium bisulfite is effective in preventing oxidation reactions that could degrade the organic compound.
Transmittance, expressed as "% transmittance", is a key parameter in analyzing the transparency of substances. It provides valuable information about the amount of light that passes through a material without being absorbed. By measuring transmittance, scientists can determine the quality and purity of compounds, as well as study their optical properties.
Understanding the importance of washing methods and transmittance in chemistry is fundamental for achieving accurate results in experiments and ensuring the quality of synthesized compounds. These concepts play a vital role in various fields of science and research, contributing to advancements in technology and innovation.