The Origin of the Corinthian Capital

Who is the sculptor attributed with the origin of the Corinthian capital?

1) Pericles

2) Mnesicles

3) Callimachus

4) Pheidias

Answer:

The Corinthian capital is attributed to the sculptor Callimachus.

The origin of the Corinthian capital, which is distinguished by its bell shape and the acanthus leaf, is attributed to the sculptor Callimachus. According to the architectural writer Vitruvius, Callimachus drew a set of acanthus leaves surrounding a votive basket, which became the inspiration for the Corinthian capital. The earliest known Corinthian capital comes from the Temple of Apollo Epicurius at Bassae and dates to c. 427 BCE.

Callimachus played a significant role in the development of this particular style of architectural decoration, which has become iconic in classical architecture. His design of the Corinthian capital marked a departure from the simpler Doric and Ionic orders, introducing a more elaborate and ornate aesthetic into architectural design.

The Corinthian order became widely used in the later Roman period as well, with many buildings incorporating the distinctive capital into their columns and pilasters. The elegance and intricacy of the Corinthian capital have made it a timeless symbol of beauty and sophistication in architecture.