Induced Charges on Aircraft Flying Near Thunder Clouds

What happens when an aircraft flies below a negatively charged thunder cloud?

Do the electrostatic charges induce on the aircraft? If so, what are the signs and positions of the induced charges?

Answer:

When an aircraft flies just below a negatively charged thunder cloud, it becomes positively charged due to induced charges. Induced charges redistribute themselves on the outer surfaces of the aircraft, potentially leading to electrical discharge.

When an aircraft flies below a negatively charged thunder cloud, electrostatic charges are induced on the aircraft. These induced charges are of opposite sign to the cloud, meaning the aircraft becomes positively charged. The induced charges distribute themselves on the outer surfaces of the aircraft, causing a redistribution of charge within the aircraft. This redistribution of charge on the aircraft can lead to electrical discharge in the form of sparks or lightning.

To prevent this dangerous situation, aircraft are equipped with safety devices such as lightning conductors or static discharge wicks. These devices help dissipate the charges safely, reducing the risk of electrical discharge and potential harm to the aircraft.